CVE-2025-12044

Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression

State: Published
Severity: 7.5 High
Published: Oct 23, 2025
Updated: Oct 23, 2025
Reserved: Oct 21, 2025

Description

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

Scores

CVSS	Score	Vector	Source
3.1	7.5 High	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H	HashiCorp

Weaknesses

CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Affected Products

Product	Versions
VaultHashiCorp	1.20.3 to before 1.21.0Affected
Vault EnterpriseHashiCorp	1.20.3 to before 1.21.0Affectedfrom 1.20.5Not affected 1.19.9 to before 1.19.11Affectedfrom 1.19.11Not affected 1.18.14 to before 1.18.15Affectedfrom 1.18.15Affected 1.16.25 to before 1.16.27Affectedfrom 1.16.27Not affected

References

https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710

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