CVE-2026-120338

Prefab UI Pyodide sandbox escape to host RCE

State
Published
Severity
10.0 Critical
Published
Nov 1, 2026
Updated
Nov 1, 2026
Reserved
Nov 1, 2026

Read the record on cve.org

Description

Prefab UI's Generative UI sandbox runs caller-supplied Python inside Pyodide, Python compiled to WebAssembly, in a Deno subprocess. The feature is documented as isolation for untrusted code, including LLM-written UI. From prefab-ui 0.14.0 through 0.20.2 the launcher starts Deno with unrestricted --allow-read, --allow-write, and --allow-net, and the runner leaves the Deno API on the JavaScript global object. Pyodide's js module proxies that global, so the Python can call Deno.readTextFileSync and Deno.writeTextFileSync. A caller who can supply the code can read and write files as the server OS user, and can persist code execution by writing a .pth file into the server virtualenv's site-packages. The usual remote path is FastMCP's GenerativeUI provider, which registers the MCP tool generate_prefab_ui and forwards that tool's code argument into this sandbox. On a FastMCP server with no authentication configured, any client who can reach the server can call the tool. With authentication, any client allowed to call tools can. Generative UI is opt-in, and the host must have Deno installed. Confirmed on prefab-ui 0.20.2. Fixed in 0.21.0: after the runtime and Prefab sources load, the runner revokes Deno read, write, and network permission before it accepts code, the process is started with --no-prompt so a permission request cannot grant them again, and bootstrap network access is limited to cdn.jsdelivr.net. The fix is commit 030f074 (pull request 538).

Scores

CVSSScoreVectorSource
3.110.0 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HJFROG
3.19.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HJFROG

Weaknesses

  • CWE-693 Protection Mechanism Failure
  • CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-269 Improper Privilege Management

Affected Products

ProductVersions
prefab-uiPrefectHQ
  • 0.14.0 to before 0.21.0Affected

References

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