CVE-2026-18040

HQC leaks private key information through secret-indexed GF(2^8) tables and a secret-dependent fixed-weight sampler

State
Published
Severity
5.9 Medium
Published
Oct 3, 2026
Updated
Oct 5, 2026
Reserved
Jul 28, 2026

Read the record on cve.org

Description

In Bouncy Castle for Java before 1.86, HQC leaked secret-derived data through two side channels: its GF(2^8) arithmetic used lookup tables indexed by field elements, making the cache line touched a function of the operand, and its fixed-weight support sampler left its duplicate scan as soon as a collision was found and stored accepted positions at a secret index. Both run on secret inputs during encapsulation and decapsulation, and the sampler re-expands the secret key from its seed on every decapsulation, so an attacker able to observe cache behaviour or decapsulation timing can recover information about the HQC private key. The field arithmetic is now table-free and the sampler branch-free within a batch of candidates, with output and randomness consumption unchanged.

Scores

CVSSScoreVectorSource
4.05.9 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/U:Amberbcorg

Weaknesses

  • CWE-208 Observable Timing Discrepancy

Affected Products

ProductVersions
BC-JAVALegion of the Bouncy Castle Inc.
  • 1.73 to before 1.86Affected

References

Every record here comes from the CVE Program’s CVE List. © 1999–2026 The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation. The records are reproduced under the CVE Program terms of use.