CVE-2026-52735

ZEBRA: Consensus divergence via P2SH sigop undercount in pure-Rust disabled-opcode parser

State
Published
Severity
9.3 Critical
Published
Aug 18, 2026
Updated
Aug 18, 2026
Reserved
Jun 8, 2026

Read the record on cve.org

Description

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to 4.5.0, Zebra can accept a block that zcashd rejects because the P2SH signature-operation counter undercounts redeem scripts containing a disabled opcode followed by signature opcodes. In zebra-script/src/lib.rs, p2sh_input_sigop_count used the pure-Rust script::Code::sig_op_count path, whose try_fold parser stops at disabled opcodes such as OP_CODESEPARATOR and returns only the partial count accumulated before the error. The zcashd reference implementation continues static signature-operation counting through disabled opcodes, so an attacker can broadcast P2SH spends that Zebra counts below MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS while zcashd counts above the 20,000-operation limit. If a Zebra miner includes those transactions, Zebra validators accept the block while zcashd validators reject it, creating a consensus chain split that affects network integrity and availability without requiring the attacker to produce a block. This issue is fixed in version 4.5.0.

Scores

CVSSScoreVectorSource
4.09.3 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:HGitHub_M

Weaknesses

  • CWE-684 Incorrect Provision of Specified Functionality

Affected Products

ProductVersions
zebraZcashFoundation
  • < 4.5.0Affected

References

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