CVE-2026-52735
ZEBRA: Consensus divergence via P2SH sigop undercount in pure-Rust disabled-opcode parser
- State
- Published
- Severity
- 9.3 Critical
- Published
- Aug 18, 2026
- Updated
- Aug 18, 2026
- Reserved
- Jun 8, 2026
Description
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to 4.5.0, Zebra can accept a block that zcashd rejects because the P2SH signature-operation counter undercounts redeem scripts containing a disabled opcode followed by signature opcodes. In zebra-script/src/lib.rs, p2sh_input_sigop_count used the pure-Rust script::Code::sig_op_count path, whose try_fold parser stops at disabled opcodes such as OP_CODESEPARATOR and returns only the partial count accumulated before the error. The zcashd reference implementation continues static signature-operation counting through disabled opcodes, so an attacker can broadcast P2SH spends that Zebra counts below MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS while zcashd counts above the 20,000-operation limit. If a Zebra miner includes those transactions, Zebra validators accept the block while zcashd validators reject it, creating a consensus chain split that affects network integrity and availability without requiring the attacker to produce a block. This issue is fixed in version 4.5.0.
Scores
| CVSS | Score | Vector | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.0 | 9.3 Critical | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H | GitHub_M |
Weaknesses
- CWE-684 Incorrect Provision of Specified Functionality
Affected Products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
zebraZcashFoundation |
|
References
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