CVE-2026-81876

HAPI FHIR: SHCParser DEFLATE infinite loop causes denial of service

State
Published
Severity
7.5 High
Published
Sep 16, 2026
Updated
Sep 17, 2026
Reserved
Aug 27, 2026

Read the record on cve.org

Description

HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to version 6.9.12, SHCParser in org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/elementmodel/SHCParser.java can enter an infinite loop while processing attacker-controlled Smart Health Card JWT content whose header contains zip: "DEF" and whose raw-DEFLATE payload is empty or truncated. SHCParser.decodeJWT() reaches SHCParser.inflate(), where Inflater.inflate() can return zero while Inflater.finished() remains false and Inflater.needsInput() is true. The loop also lacks an Inflater.needsDictionary() termination check, SHCParser.decompress() contains the same zero-progress pattern, and ResourceChecker.java can reach SHC parsing during file-format detection. A malformed validation request can pin a JVM worker thread indefinitely, and concurrent requests can exhaust all validation workers. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.12.

Scores

CVSSScoreVectorSource
3.17.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:HGitHub_M

Weaknesses

  • CWE-20 Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-835 Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')

Affected Products

ProductVersions
org.hl7.fhir.corehapifhir
  • < 6.9.12Affected

References

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