CVE-2026-85670

tokenizers BpeBuilder Buffer Overflow via merge token

State
Published
Severity
7.1 High
Published
Sep 4, 2026
Updated
Sep 4, 2026
Reserved
Sep 4, 2026

Read the record on cve.org

Description

tokenizers (Hugging Face) is affected by an out-of-bounds buffer access in BpeBuilder::build (tokenizers/src/models/bpe/model.rs). When loading a tokenizer.json via Tokenizer::from_file/from_str, the builder sizes a scratch buffer to the longest vocabulary key, then writes each concatenated merge rule into it. A merge whose concatenated token exceeds the longest vocabulary key overruns the buffer, which Rust turns into a panic that aborts the process in Rust and FFI embeddings. This occurs at load time with no encoding required, so an attacker who supplies a crafted tokenizer.json can cause a denial of service. A secondary defect at the same location can cause a usize underflow (panic in debug, potential memory corruption in release) when continuing_subword_prefix is set and a merge token is shorter than the prefix. Observed in version 0.23.1.

Scores

CVSSScoreVectorSource
4.07.1 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:NVulnCheck
3.16.5 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:HVulnCheck

Weaknesses

Affected Products

ProductVersions
tokenizershuggingface
  • 0.23.2 and earlierAffected

References

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