CVE-2026-92899

Apache WSS4J: UsernameToken replay protection bypassed by re-encoding the Nonce

State
Published
Severity
4.8 Medium
Published
Sep 30, 2026
Updated
Sep 30, 2026
Reserved
Sep 17, 2026

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Description

Apache WSS4J remembers the Nonce of each UsernameToken it accepts, so a captured token cannot be reused. It stored the Nonce as raw base64 text, but authentication decodes that text and uses the bytes.The same bytes can be written as base64 in several ways. An attacker who captured an authenticated request could re-send it with a space added to the Nonce: the password digest still verified, but the token no longer matched the remembered one, so the replay was accepted. Since a UsernameToken does not cover the message body, the captured token could then be reused on requests of the attacker's choosing until it expired. Affects deployments with a nonce replay cache configured, as Apache CXF has by default, and only tokens using a password digest. The cache is now keyed on the decoded Nonce. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.0.2 or 3.0.6 or 2.4.4, which fix this issue.

Scores

CVSSScoreVectorSource
3.14.8 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:NCISA-ADP

Weaknesses

  • CWE-290 Authentication Bypass by Spoofing

Affected Products

ProductVersions
Apache WSS4JApache Software Foundation
  • 4.0.0 to before 4.0.2Affected
  • 3.0.0 to before 3.0.6Affected
  • before 2.4.4Affected

References

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